My artistic journey began after graduating from the Academy of Fine Arts in Dresden in 1971. Upon returning to Haifa, I joined the team at “Al-Ittihad” newspaper, the official voice of the Communist Party, starting from 1972.

I started as an editorial secretary, and later became a newspaper illustrator, with the publication coming out twice a week. It was an honor to be part of the design and illustration process for the newspaper, which proudly faced the challenges of modern printing and artistic performance. However, I quickly realized that journalism required a balance between textual and visual elements. As a result, I contributed to the publication of illustrative drawings, aiming to provide additional facets to the stories that enhance communication, much like practices in Arab and international journalism. Drawing from the experiences of outstanding artists from the Arab world, Germany, France, Spain, including the likes of Domínguez and Hartzfeld, as well as the Spanish artist Goya, alongside Lebanese and Egyptian illustrators, I aimed to strike a balance between writing and visual creativity. I hope that this endeavor helped to solidify this approach in my local environment.

Caricatures came later, in the late 1970s, due to the growing need for caricature alongside the writings of the then-editor-in-chief, the satirical writer Amil Habibi, in his publication “Juhayna.” This element of humor was important for enhancing understanding and quick comprehension of the issues, and it also expressed my solidarity with the underprivileged worldwide, aiming to create a world of justice, equality, and opposition to war and occupation.

I published my caricatures under a pseudonym, “Buksha,” the Hungarian surname of my family. Undoubtedly, the enduring German artist Käthe Kollwitz, as well as artists from the Israeli interior and the Arab and global worlds, had a significant impact on my caricature works.

In 1983, I concluded my work at “Al-Ittihad” newspaper and the party’s publications, and I transitioned to teaching creativity and its history. With this decision, I ceased my engagement in creating caricatures.